Italian Plural Nouns Ending in -O

Italian singular nouns that end in -o form the plural by changing the ending to -i: bambino—bambiniimpiegato—impiegatisasso—sassicoltello—coltelli The plural of the noun uomo is also formed with -i, but with a change in the ending: uomini. Of the few female nouns that end in -o, some remain unchanged in the plural; mano usually becomes mani; eco, which in the singular is feminine, is always masculine in the plural: gli echi. Nouns in -co and -go do not follow a consistent behavior in forming the plural. If there is a pattern to speak of, the nouns maintain the velar consonants /k/ and /g/, and end in -chi and -ghi. However, if the nouns are sdruccioli (stressed on the third-to-last syllable of a word), instead, drop the velar consonants /k/ and /g/ and add the palatal sounds -ci and -gi:baco—bachicuoco—cuochifungo—funghialbergo—alberghimedico—medicisindaco—sindaciteologo—teologiornitologo—ornitologi Among nouns that behave differently from the conventional pattern are: nemico—nemiciamico—amicigreco—greciporco—porci Among nouns that are pronounced with the stress on the third-to-last syllable, there are many more exceptions: carico—carichiincarico—incarichiabbaco—abbachivalico—valichipizzico—pizzichistrascico—strascichidialogo—dialoghicatalogo—cataloghiobbligo—obblighiprologo—prologhiepilogo—epiloghiprofugo—profughi Finally, some nouns have both forms: chirurgo—chirugi, chirurghifarmaco—farmaci, farmachimanico—manici, manichistomaco—stomaci, stomachisarcofago—sarcofagi, sarcofaghiintonaco—intonaci, intonachi Nouns ending in -à ¬o (with a stressed i) form regular plurals ending in -à ¬i: zà ¬o—zà ¬ipendà ¬o—pendà ¬irinvà ¬o—rinvà ¬imormorà ¬o—mormorà ¬i NOTE: dà ¬o becomes dà ¨i in the plural. Nouns ending in -à ¬o (with an unstressed i) lose the i of the stem in the plural, therefore ending in -i:viaggio—viaggifiglio—figlicoccio—cocciraggio—raggibacio—bacigiglio—gigli NOTE: tempio becomes templi in the plural. Some nouns that end in -io in the singular, in the plural may be confused with other plurals of the same spelling; to avoid ambiguity are sometimes used, such as an accent on the stressed syllable, a circumflex accent on the ending, or on the final double i: osservatorio—osservatori, osservatà ²ri, osservatorà ®, osservatoriiosservatore—osservatori, osservatà ³riprincipio—principi, princà ¬pi, principà ®, principiiprincipe—principi, prà ¬ncipiarbitrio—arbitri, arbà ¬tri, arbitrà ®, arbitriiarbitro—arbitri, à  rbitriassassinio—assassini, assassinà ®, assassiniiassassino—assassiniomicidio—omicidi, omicidà ®, omicidiiomicida—omicidi Today the tendency is to write a single i without diacritical marks: the general meaning of the sentence usually resolves any doubt. Some nouns ending in -o, which in the singular are masculine, in the plural become feminine grammatical gender and take the ending -a: il centinaio—le centinaiail migliaio—le migliaiail miglio—le migliail paio—le paialuovo—le uovail riso (il ridere)—le risa The table below summarizes the formation of the plural for Italian nouns ending in -o: Plurale dei Nomi in -O SINGOLARE PLURALE maschile femminile -o -i -i -co, -go (parole piane) -chi, -ghi -co, -go (parole sdruccioli) -ci, -g -io (stressed i) -i -io (unstressed i) -i

Transformational Leadership - 3693 Words

Executive Summary of â€Å"Transformative Leadership: Achieving Unparalleled Excellence† For , MGT 3110 February 6, 2015 Abstract This paper summarizes the article written by Cam Caldwell, Rolf D. Dixon, Larry A. Floyd, Joe Chaudoin, Johnathan Post, and Gaynor Cheokas regarding the need for a new type of leadership in today’s social work environment, defined as Transformative leadership. The article itself varies in the definition, however in a broad sense Transformative leadership is maintaining good moral standing and sound business ethics among employees and individuals inside and outside the workplace. However, in order to reach this theoretical level of business related moral and ethical leadership known as†¦show more content†¦Once adopted, these styles in theory would create a leader that employees, fellow managers, and even those outside the work environment would notice and be able look up to as a distinguished representation of what a true leader should be. The Problem Maritz Research recently conducted a study in which they found that trust in leaders is troublingly low. By this they mean that only seven percent of employees believe that ‘‘senior management’s actions are completely consistent with their words’’ and only 25% agreeing ‘‘that they trust management to make the right decisions in times of uncertainty’’ (Maritz Research 2010, p. 1). In today’s real-world workplace, business professionals are struggling with a more challenging, complex, and competitive environment than any other time in history (Cameron 2003). Coming in right alongside with these problems is diminishing trust in leaders among employees (Heavey et al. 2011). In turn this brings up the argument that it is time for an updated leadership model in this modern social age, because when individually used these old models no longer seem to be effective in rallying employees together. There has been vast amounts of research done on the topic of leadership, and yet despite this it continues to be ‘‘riddled with paradoxes, inconsistencies, and contradictions’’Show MoreRelatedTransformational Leadership : Transformational And Transformational984 Words   |  4 PagesLeadership is one of the most important topics in management as it contributes a lot in well-being of an organization. Many organizations made to one of the top organizations in the world through effective leadership. This is because leaders make things happen. This essay will give you a short understanding about two different types of leadership styles and will examine the difference between two i.e. transactional and transformational leaderships through different examples and real life situationsRead MoreA Transformational And Transformational Leadership1104 Words   |  5 Pagesdifferent styles of leadership with which to lead their team and their organizations to success. T he different styles are authoritarian, procedural, laissez-faire, and I happen to be a transformational and participative leader. Being a leader also has different components that are necessary for success, like the C.O.A.T. assessment which stands for Communication, Opportunity, Advisory, and Talent. I will be discussing how I can implement this assessment in correlation with my leadership styles to createRead MoreTransformational Leadership : A Transformational Leader985 Words   |  4 PagesTransformational leadership. Burns (1978) is recognized as one of the earliest theorist on transformational leadership, who introduced transformational leadership over 30 years ago. Transformational leaders are perceived as leaders who uplift their employee morale, subsequently uplifting the entire organizational. Transformational leaders are known by their capacity to inspire followers to forgo self-interests in achieving superior results for the organization (Clawson, 2006). 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In accordance to issues such as social corporate responsibility and dealing with the change of organisational structure within a business entity both forms of leadership provide different characteristics to provide varying results in dealing with these issues. Transformational and transactional leadership are polar opposites when it comes to the underlyingRead MoreTransformational Leadership : The Transformational Leader2649 Words   |  11 Pagesauthentic the transformational leader needs to be an ethical moral agent. â€Å"A leader is praiseworthy as a moral agent if he or she possesses a developed conscience and acts in ways that are kind, charitable and altruistic rather than selfish or maleficent.† (wright.edu). The authentic leader tends to complete actions which are best for the followers. Leaders actions should be judged based o n the ends sought, means used, and the consequences achieved. 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A transformational leader’s main goal is to inspire followers to share their values, and connect with their vision. The four components to be a transformational leader are idealized influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, and individualized considerationRead MoreTransformational Leadership : Transformational And Transactional Leadership1468 Words   |  6 Pagesonline Oxford Dictionary, leadership is â€Å"the action of leading a group of people or an organization.† But what makes someone a leader? To put is simply, a leader is someone that motivates and inspires those around them to achieve a common goal or vision. That may sound fairly simple, but not everyone is a leader. And there are several different leadership styles to consider. The two most common styles are transf ormational and transactional leadership. 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Part Two Chapter VIII Free Essays

VIII Colin Wall saw Gavin and Mary pass under his study window. He recognized Mary’s silhouette at once, but had to squint to identify the stringy man at her side, before they moved out of the aureole cast by the street light. Crouching, half-raised out of his computer chair, Colin gaped after the figures as they disappeared into the darkness. We will write a custom essay sample on Part Two Chapter VIII or any similar topic only for you Order Now He was shocked to his core, having taken it for granted that Mary was in a kind of purdah; that she was receiving only women in the sanctuary of her own home, among them Tessa, who was still visiting every other day. Never had it occurred to him that Mary might be socializing after dark, least of all with a single man. He felt personally betrayed; as though Mary, on some spiritual level, was cuckolding him. Had Mary permitted Gavin to see Barry’s body? Was Gavin spending evenings sitting in Barry’s favourite seat by the fire? Were Gavin and Mary †¦ could they possibly be †¦? Such things happened, after all, every day. Perhaps †¦ perhaps even before Barry’s death †¦? Colin was perennially appalled by the threadbare state of other people’s morals. He tried to insulate himself against shocks by pushing himself to imagine the worst: by conjuring awful visions of depravity and betrayal, rather than waiting for the truth to rip like a shell through his innocent delusions. Life, for Colin, was one long brace against pain and disappointment, and everybody apart from his wife was an enemy until they had proven otherwise. He was half inclined to rush downstairs to tell Tessa what he had just seen, because she might be able to give him an innocuous explanation of Mary’s night-time stroll, and to reassure him that his best friend’s widow had been, and was still, faithful to her husband. Nonetheless, he resisted the urge, because he was angry with Tessa. Why was she showing such a determined lack of interest in his forthcoming candidacy for the council? Did she not realize how tight a stranglehold his anxiety had gained over him ever since he had sent in his application form? Even though he had expected to feel this way, the pain was not diminished by anticipation, any more than being hit by a train would be less devastating for seeing it approaching down the track; Colin merely suffered twice: in the expectation and in its realization. His nightmarish new fantasies swirled around the Mollisons and the ways in which they were likely to attack him. Counter-arguments, explanations and extenuations ran constantly through his mind. He saw himself already besieged, fighting for his reputation. The edge of paranoia always apparent in Colin’s dealings with the world was becoming more pronounced; and meanwhile, Tessa was pretending to be oblivious, doing absolutely nothing to help alleviate the dreadful, crushing strain. He knew that she did not think he ought to be standing. Perhaps she too was terrified that Howard Mollison would slit open the bulging gut of their past, and spill its ghastly secrets for all the Pagford vultures to pick over. Colin had already made a few telephone calls to those whom Barry had counted on for support. He had been surprised and heartened that not one of them had challenged his credentials or interrogated him on the issues. Without exception, they had expressed their profound sorrow at the loss of Barry and their intense dislike of Howard Mollison, or ‘tha’ great smug basturd’, as one of the blunter voters had called him. ‘Tryin’ ter crowbar in ‘is son. ‘E could ‘ardly stop hisself grinnin’ when ‘e ‘eard Barry was dead.’ Colin, who had compiled a list of pro-Fields talking points, had not needed to refer to the paper once. So far, his main appeal as a candidate seemed to be that he was Barry’s friend, and that he was not called Mollison. His miniature black and white face was smiling at him out of the computer monitor. He had been sitting here all evening, trying to compose his election pamphlet, for which he had decided to use the same photograph as was featured on the Winterdown website: full face, with a slightly anodyne grin, his forehead steep and shiny. The image had in its favour the fact that it had already been submitted to the public gaze, and had not brought down ridicule or ruin upon him: a powerful recommendation. But beneath the photograph, where the personal information ought to have been, were only one or two tentative sentences. Colin had spent most of the last two hours composing and then deleting words; at one point he had managed to complete an entire paragraph, only to destroy it, backspace by backspace, with a nervous, jabbing forefinger. Unable to bear the indecision and solitude, he jumped up and went downstairs. Tessa was lying on the sofa in the sitting room, apparently dozing, with the television on in the background. ‘How’s it going?’ she asked sleepily, opening her eyes. ‘Mary’s just gone by. Walking up the street with Gavin Hughes.’ ‘Oh,’ said Tessa. ‘She said something about going over to Miles and Samantha’s, earlier. Gavin must have been there. He’s probably walking her home.’ Colin was appalled. Mary visiting Miles, the man who sought to fill her husband’s shoes, who stood in opposition to all that Barry had fought for? ‘What on earth was she doing at the Mollisons’?’ ‘They went with her to the hospital, you know that,’ said Tessa, sitting up with a small groan and stretching her short legs. ‘She hasn’t spoken to them properly since. She wanted to thank them. Have you finished your pamphlet?’ ‘I’m nearly there. Listen, with the information – I mean, as far as the personal information goes – past posts, do you think? Or limit it to Winterdown?’ ‘I don’t think you need say more than where you work now. But why don’t you ask Minda? She †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ Tessa yawned ‘†¦ she’s done it herself.’ ‘Yes,’ said Colin. He waited, standing over her, but she did not offer to help, or even to read what he had written so far. ‘Yes, that’s a good idea,’ he said, more loudly. ‘I’ll get Minda to look over it.’ She grunted, massaging her ankles, and he left the room, full of wounded pride. His wife could not possibly realize what a state he was in, how little sleep he was getting, or how his stomach was gnawing itself from within. Tessa had only pretended to be asleep. Mary and Gavin’s footsteps had woken her ten minutes previously. Tessa barely knew Gavin; he was fifteen years younger than her and Colin, but the main barrier towards intimacy had always been Colin’s tendency to be jealous of Barry’s other friendships. ‘He’s been amazing about the insurance,’ Mary had told Tessa on the telephone earlier. ‘He’s on the phone to them every day, from what I can gather, and he keeps telling me not to worry about fees. Oh God, Tessa, if they don’t pay out †¦Ã¢â‚¬â„¢ ‘Gavin will sort it out for you,’ said Tessa. ‘I’m sure he will.’ It would have been nice, thought Tessa, stiff and thirsty on the sofa, if she and Colin could have had Mary round to the house, to give her a change of scene and make sure she was eating, but there was one insuperable barrier: Mary found Colin difficult, a strain. This uncomfortable and hitherto concealed fact had emerged slowly in the wake of Barry’s death, like flotsam revealed by the ebbing tide. It could not have been plainer that Mary wanted only Tessa; she shied away from suggestions that Colin might help with anything, and avoided talking to him too long on the telephone. They had met so often as a foursome for years, and Mary’s antipathy had never surfaced: Barry’s good humour must have cloaked it. Tessa had to manage the new state of affairs with great delicacy. She had successfully persuaded Colin that Mary was happiest in the company of other women. The funeral had been her one failure, because Colin had ambushed Mary as they all left St Michael’s and tried to explain, through racking sobs, that he was going to stand for Barry’s seat on the council, to carry on Barry’s work, to make sure Barry prevailed posthumously. Tessa had seen Mary’s shocked and offended expression, and pulled him away. Once or twice since, Colin had stated his intention of going over to show Mary all his election materials, to ask whether Barry would have approved of them; even voiced an intention of seeking guidance from Mary as to how Barry would have handled the process of canvassing for votes. In the end Tessa had told him firmly that he must not badger Mary about the Parish Council. He became huffy at this, but it was better, Tessa thought, that he should be angry with her, rather than adding to Mary’s distress, or provoking her into a rebuff, as had happened over the viewing of Barry’s body. ‘The Mollisons, though!’ said Colin, re-entering the room with a cup of tea. He had not offered Tessa one; he was often selfish in these little ways, too busy with his own worries to notice. ‘Of all the people for her to have dinner with! They were against everything Barry stood for!’ ‘That’s a bit melodramatic, Col,’ said Tessa. ‘Anyway, Mary was never as interested in the Fields as Barry.’ But Colin’s only understanding of love was of limitless loyalty, boundless tolerance: Mary had fallen, irreparably, in his estimation. How to cite Part Two Chapter VIII, Essay examples

Financial Analysis Business Decision Guide

Question: Discuss about the Financial Analysis for Business Decision Guide. Answer: Introduction: King and Queen will be held liable for any losses suffered by EFL limited. It is the duty of auditor to render its services in an honest manner as he holds a fiduciary position. An auditor is liable in two cases-one is civil liability and the other is criminal liability. Criminal liability occurs when there is a dispute between the government or state and the organisation.Civil liability occurs due to dispute between an individual and the organization. Punishments for both liabilities are different depending upon the severity of the case. Every auditor has a responsibility to obtain sufficient appropriate audit evidence before he reaches to any of the conclusions. In case he is not able to obtain proper evidences to base his opinion on he should issue disclaimer of opinion. One should never forget that an auditor occupies a position of high trust and value. Many investors confidence is bestowed on him (John Hoggett,Law Edwards,John Medlin 2014). An auditor should reflect real independence in his work. He should note down all the obligations which comes to his notice during audit of books. He should ask for written representation from the management wherever necessary. Along with that one should also make sure to obtain external references to verify written representations provided by the management. Regarding each and every aspect of the business he should conclude his opinion(Rick Hayes, Philip Wallage,Hans Gortemaker 2014).On the basis of the reports issued by him, many stakeholders take their decisions. Shareholders decide whether to keep their funds invested in the business, credit decide whether to continue long term relationship with the company or not, government decide upon the tax regimes and financial institutions come to the conclusions whether to extend credit or not. No, the answer would remain the same even if EFL limited writes to King and Queen for their advise whether to grant the loan to Impulse Pty Ltd or not. An audit should always be conducted on the basis of generally accepted accounting principals and the needed ethical requirements of the profession. Before forming any opinion an auditor should confirm whether sufficient appropriate evidences have been received or not, and should compare and confirm those evidences before reaching to any of the conclusions. For this he should inquire the management and those charged with governance to obtain an understanding of the structure of the government, its operations and types of risks faced by it.One should confirm whether proper internal control systems are in place or not. To draw more appropriate evidences analytical procedures should also be performed by the auditor(Mark Beasley,Frank Bucklers,steven Glover,Douglas Prawitt 2014).Proper inventory count should be obtained and required extern al confirmations of debtors should be received. After all the above procedures are carried out he should reach to an appropriate conclusion on which his opinion will be based. His opinion holds high value and confidence of many stakeholders relies on it. He can also place his reliance on the audit work performed by others but he will be continue to be responsible for his opinion. As in this particular case EFL places reliance on King and Queen audit report, they are in a loss now. So if any losses are faced by EFL ltd due to gross negligence of King and Queen, it will be born by King and Queen Ltd too. Actual Independence Auditors independence is a very crucial and important element of the audit profession. Independence means the auditors capacity to present his opinion in an impartial way away from biases and conflicting responsibilities (Alvin Arens,Randal Elder,Mark Beasley,Chris Hogan,2016). Actual independence is the real independence which enables the auditor to take independent decisions in situations of under pressure. It reflects the independence of mind ( Steven Bragg,2014).It is the art of giving an honest decision. Auditors main purpose is to express his opinion on the financial position of the company that whether they reflect a true and fair view of the company and whether they are reliable or not. He has a position of high importance as the confidence of stakeholders is bestowed upon him. An auditor should completely disclose all the obligations that come to his knowledge during the engagement. Perceived Independence Perceived independence is not the true independence. It is due to avoidance of facts which are true attributes of an audit of financial statements.Perceived independence is encouraged only when an auditor is either familiar with the key personnel of the company or it has some sort of self interest in the entity itself.In that case he wont be able to deliver an opinion free from biases.( Steven Bragg,2014). If the independence of an auditor is only in appearance then reliance cannot be made in his opinion. It is essential to know the true state of mind of an independent auditor as it helps in making the judgment on the reliability of his assurance. Quality of the audit report can be determined only by knowing of the reliability and assurance levels of the audit report. 1.Bob has breached Sec 140 of Confidentiality of APESB and ASA 200.According to this section an auditor will be guilty of misconduct if he discloses or uses any information he acquires in the conduct of an audit without his clients consent. Similarly ASA 200 deals with overall objectives of an independent auditor and the conduct of an audit in accordance with Australian Auditing Standards in which confidentiality is one of the main objectives of an independent auditor( Janice Loftus,Ken J Leo,Kerry Clark,Victoria Wise,2012). Bob can always take the help of different books and online reference material to complete his assignment. In this way he wont be breaching any of the sections. Wendy has breached Sec 120 of objectivity, Sec 210 of professional appointment and sec 290 of independence of APESB.Sec 120 says that an auditor should always act in an independent manner while delivering his responsibilities. Sec 210 says that appointment of an auditor should be as per the laws prescribed and Sec 290 talks about independence of auditor in delivering his responsibilities. In this case Wendy should suggest some other Company Secretary to take over the tasks of ACE Ltd. He should continue working as an engagement partner. He should make sure that appointment of company secretary is as per the prescribed rules. Leo has breached Sec 290 of APESB of Independence of auditor. He has an indirect interest in Precision Machinery Limited. As his father is a foreman in that comapany.Independence can be of two types-real and perceived independence. Real independence is the independence of mind where the auditor can take decisions free from conflicting interests. Its the judgment without any undue pressures. Perceived independence is the independence which is only for the outside appearance. An auditors opinion is not reliable in such kind of independence. Therefore in this case Leo independence is seem to be seen as perceived independence. It has also breached ASA200 of Australian Auditing Standards which talks about auditors independence in his work. Some other auditor who doesnt have any direct interest can takeover the audit of Precision Ltd. In that case he can exercise professional judgment and can base his opinion on true facts and figures. His decision wont be under any undue influence and will be free from any bias. His independence will be termed as real independence. Whereas if Leo would have done the audit, his independence would be seen as perceived independence(Rick Hayes, Philip Wallage,Hans Gortemaker,2014). Chan Associates has breached Sec 240 of APESB of Fees and other types of remuneration. Fees given should be in terms already decided at the time of engagement. Any deviation from the standards is not valid. Whenever an auditor is appointed in the annual general meeting of the shareholders, his remuneration is decided in that meeting itself. Manner of payment of remuneration is also decided in that meeting itself. Later on terms and manner of remuneration can be changed if agreed by both the parties(Thomas R. Ittelson 2011). Therefore, Chan Associates can ask their fees to be paid on the terms already decided between them and the management. References John Hoggett,Law Edwards,John Medlin(2014).Accounting.John Wiley and Sons,9th revised edition.Melbourne Janice Loftus,Ken J Leo,Kerry Clark,Victoria Wise(2012).Understanding Australian Accounting Standards.John Wiley Sons.Melbourne Thomas R. Ittelson(2011).Financial Statements:A step by step guide in understanding and creating Financial Reports.Career pr Inc.USA Steven Bragg.(2014).Financial Analysis:A Business Decision Guide.Accounting Tools,2nd edition. Rick Hayes, Philip Wallage,Hans Gortemaker(2014).Auditing of Financial Statements-Principals of Auditing.Pearson Publishers.UK John Hoggett,Law Edwards,John Medlin(2014).Accounting.John Wiley and Sons,9th revised edition.Melbourne Janice Loftus,Ken J Leo,Kerry Clark,Victoria Wise(2012).Understanding Australian Accounting Standards.John Wiley Sons.Melbourne Thomas R. Ittelson(2011).Financial Statements:A step by step guide in understanding and creating Financial Reports.Career pr Inc.USA Steven Collings,Maire Loughram(2013).Financial Accounting for Dummies. John Wiley Sons.Melbourne Mark Beasley,Frank Bucklers,steven Glover,Douglas Pramitt.(2014).Auditing Cases:An interactive learning approach.Pearson Publishers.UK Alvin Arens,Randal Elder,Mark Beasley,Chris Hogan(2016).Auditing and Assurance Services.Pearson.UK Dyson, J.R. (2010)Accounting for Non-Accounting Students [online]. Harlow:Financial Times Prentice Hall. [Accessed 02 March 2014]. Kieso, J., Weygandt, J. and Warfield, T.D. (2011) Intermediate accounting.[online].New Jersey: John Wiley Sons. McLaney, E.J. and Atrill, P. (2012) Accounting: An Introduction.[online]. Harlow:Pearson. Robert Allan Hill(2013).Strategic Financial Management.Retrieved from https://bookboon.com

The Influence of music on worker productivity free essay sample

The Influence of music on worker productivity Convenience Sampling will be used for my research paper to focus on studying whether participants who are randomly available and open to contribute to the study. This study will generalize the population because every person is effected by music in one way or the other. I would focus on having an open age group because I am interested to test the effects of music as well as binaural beats to children all the way up to the elder population.I might encounter some ethical issues of using binaural beats on children based on the fact that most of the population is not fully ware of what it is or what it does to people. Does the sample generalize to the population? Explain why or why not. What inclusion criteria would be used? What exclusion criteria would be used, if any? What ethical Issues might be encountered when collecting your Information from this sample? Emotional responses to music: The need to consider underlying mechanisms http:// Research indicates that people value music primarily because of the emotions it evokes. We will write a custom essay sample on The Influence of music on worker productivity or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page These headphones were connected to the built inner system of several stations that they could choose randomly. Steve Byars,Bearsheaded the study wanted to make the orkspaaerospacemfortable as possible so that their employees looked forward to being there. The managers at AMX, aMAXgh-end designer of remote controls found that the overall moral of the environment changed once each employee was free to feel free! A. How does music directly effect different subjects in school? Does Music REALLY help? http:/HttpcieExcrescence mWACioMuumuusfDu1unsafelyclibertarianismsMuDisreputableness AHTMLdom sampling of students were chosen from the Western College Program listening to this list of selections all while given several math problems: Classical Music Genre : Bach Country Music Genre : Garth Brooks Pop rock Music Genre : JustinJustinerTimberlinerock Music Genre : MetallMetallicusic Genre : Nelly Newlyarticle goes on to explain how different types of genres do effect the productivity because of the connection of where each type of music has in our life experience.They go on to state that the inner child comes out of each individual and the whimsical view on life is directly connected to how a type of music makes you feel. They also state that your short term memory is used less while listening to music, and spatial-temporal reason which is a neurological process is activated more while listening to any rhythm. A. 2. Does Binaural Auditory beats sound like hocus pocus? Does it effect children the same way? How can we educate more people about the prcfs profsing these beats?Binaural www. neuroaNarcissisticbiComral. html BHTMLral auditory beats increase mood, and vigilance performance when two pure auditory signals ofa sioffar frequency are varied together. Each waveforms produces a phase interference that composite a signal frequency between midway upper and lower frequencies. If you mix tones of 110 Hz andHzs00 Hz witHzsa signal of 105 Hz, riHzsng and falling intermintermittent creates a modulated composite signal that roducereduced is label an auditory beat.

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The role of culture learning and teaching in foeign language education Literature review

The role of culture learning and teaching in foeign language education - Literature review Example des about the target culture and target language and the motivation of new learners to become integrative learners of the language, and how positive attitudes towards the target culture help these new learners overcome anxiety about learning the language. The final section is a conclusion, in which the concepts that are put forth are put into context in the situation at hand. 2.2 The Role of Culture in Foreign Language Education According to Pica (1994), there is a question as to how necessary cultural integration is to learning a foreign language, and that this is question that troubles foreign language teachers, whether the foreign language teacher is teaching students that are far removed from the target language or is teaching in an area where the students have a chance to be immersed in the language (Pica, 1994). There are two camps when it comes to teaching foreign languages - one camp believes that foreign language teaching should emphasize only communication competence, while the other camp believes that foreign language teaching should incorporate the culture of the target language, which would include the literature of the target language (Shanahan, 1997, p. 164). The first camp is only concerned with semantics – for them, learning a language is nothing but drills, and language is nothing but rules, strings of sentences, and prepositions (Thanasoulas, 2001). The learner must see morphological or syntactical pattern, practice it and learn it without regard to culture or context (Waltz, 1989, p. 160). The second camp believes that language has an intuitive component that can only be acquired by learning the culture of the target country. Language is learned in context (Wendt, 2003, p. 92). On the one end are individuals who feel that students must communicate... One school of thought states that the only necessary education that new learners of a language need is semantics and how to string together sentences. For them, culture is not necessary to learn. The other school of thought says that cultural education regarding the target country is crucial, as it puts the language in context and helps the new learner know the different subtleties that are necessary to be a competent speaker. Learning a foreign language cannot force the learner into a vacuum where context and culture do not matter. It is only through learning the nuances of speech can a speaker become a competent speaker, and it is only through knowing the culture of the target country can this occur. A good example is the individual who used the word tu when he should have used the word vous. This is only one example, but one can imagine how many mistakes a speaker will make if he is not aware of context and culture. Because culture is so important to learning Spanish, this is some thing that will be emphasized in the Spanish classroom that I teach. Teaching knowledge about the culture will be relatively easy. Cooking Spanish food, teaching about Spanish holidays, teaching about the religion of Spain, teaching the Spanish painter, writers and other cultural icons, teaching the history of Spain, etc., will all be integral to teaching about Spanish culture. This would also include showing television shows from Spain, showing movies, including dramas and comedies, will be important as well.

INTRODUCTION of FRIEDEL-CRAFTS ACYLATION Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

INTRODUCTION of FRIEDEL-CRAFTS ACYLATION - Essay Example e clemmensen reduction route normally hinders secondary alkyl substitution that results from corresponding carbocation on rearrangement (Klein, 195-269). Nevertheless, in direct alkylation, the underlying ratio of the primary to secondary alkyl substitution can differ depending on the existing aromatic substrate and reaction conditions. Acyl halide first reacts with the underlying Lewis acid resulting to formation of more electrophilic C, an acylium ion. The n-electrons of the underlying aromatic C=C which act as nucleophile then attack the electrophilic C+ thereby destroying aromaticity resulting to the cyclohexadienyl cation intermediate. Finally proton is removed from sp3 C bearing the acyl-group reforms the corresponding C=C and the required aromatic system resulting to the creation of HCl and regeneration of the active catalyst. The reaction commence with the generation of methyl carbonation from the corresponding methyl bromide. Carbonation then reacts with underlying n electron system of the benzene in order to form a nonaromatic carbocation that subsequently loses a proton to in order to regenerate aromaticity of the system (Klein, 53-134). The reaction takes place in steps with an electrophile formation via reaction of the methylchlorine and aluminium

MGMT499 U3IP Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

MGMT499 U3IP - Research Paper Example 1. Monitoring performance is graded as mediocre level because this is linked with all employees and it cannot be managed by one person properly. Influences of various persons as supervisor in this matter are the cause of complex and trouble for determination of commerce. 2. Setting fair standard is categorized as average level because this procedure is performed by all relevant persons with exactness and accuracy. People can make their life pleasant with this technique because this is cause of better performance in the community. 3. Quality overview is graded high because this is observable in the market and public opinion is favorable in this matter. People can make their businesses successful by realization of quality matters that are essential for business sensation. 4. Measuring performance is categorized as poor because its determination is not easy and simple. Authorized people are not performing their duties accurately as they are unable to measure performances with exactness and success. 5. Average grading is awarded for strategies to improve performance criterion. The major cause of this grading is mentioned as everyone like to make performance level better in the market but implementation of recommendations is not performed by all people. 6. Production decision criterion is graded as mediocre because professionalism demands to all people to present better products in the market. This status is also involved in the sensation of business because this is major cause of attaining customer attraction. 7. Pricing decision criterion is shown with average level because this is managed proper consideration of market status. This is confirmed that those people which have running their business plans with average level are managed with market status that is highly influenced in pricing matters. 8. Average level is assigned for input & output decision criterion because a common running of business is based of

Sport In The Construction Of Masculinity

Sport In The Construction Of Masculinity Gender studies is an interdisciplinary study which investigate different aspects of gender. Sport is one of the aspects that researchers in these years are trying to analyse in a gender perspective. It is believed that sport is socially conditioned based on many researches. This essay will examine sport contributing to the construction of masculinity by several ways, they are: gender stratification in tradition, homophobia in sport, sport as male bonding ritual, biased opportunities towards men and media influence. Further examples and elaborations will follow in each point to demonstrate sport is indeed a social constitution constructing masculinity. Sport has long been instituted as male dominated and masculine in orientation by a couple of reasons. First, the historical gender stratification throughout a century has established that sport is an institution constructing masculinity. We are living in a patriarchal society that male are always in superior status than female, from economic status to daily life. The society has embedded a concept that the role of women is to give birth and their only obligation is to take care of children. But in 20th century, women are no longer highly dependent on men, as more and more women have become labours in the market. It has shortened the distance between two sexes, but obviously gender inequality cannot be eliminated so easily. Bilrell and Cole (1990) have mentioned that superiority of physical fitness is the key factor of winning in sport, and sport is the main activities emphasis on the sexual differentiation. Since sport emphasizes a lot on strength and bravery, male are thought to per form well innately than women (Klein 1990). As a result, the male participating rate in sport in general is higher than women. It is no wonder that Zane Grey (1992) in his book wrote All boys love baseball. If they dont theyre not real boys. This concept was passed on from generation to generation and eventually sport becomes a site constructing masculinity. Second, homophobia is another factor constructing masculinity in sport. As mentioned in the previous paragraph, sport has somehow developed into a male hegemonic activity. Male who does not participate in sports are not regarded as real man, and female participating in sports are thought to be manlike. They may, therefore, be treated as homosexuals. In fact, in the traditional socialization process, men in the early age had learnt that male who does not perform in manly way may see as homosexual (Messner 1992). Athletics, no matter male or female, may sometimes make apparent or even exaggerated movement to show their masculinity and femininity, just because they are afraid of people confusing their gender identity. Ordinarily, males characteristics are tough, aggressive, competitive, physically strong, whereas women tend to show attractive appearance, to do make-up and wearing feminine clothing. The traditional association of physical strength, power and athleticism with masculinity causes many people to question the sexuality of women athletes. Former tennis star Chris Evert paid great attention to whether or not she acted like a woman in the court, and almost the end of her tennis career she finally willing to admit that she is an athlete (Woolum 1998). Though she is a tennis player, she tried to act like a woman so as to maintain her feminine image. When Evert evaluated on her early stage of career, she said she never feel like an athlete, she was just a person playing tennis (Woolum 1998). She would like to be a complete woman such as having nail polish and wearing fancy hair band, rather than a freak in others eyes. From this example, we have seen that sport is thought to be male-oriented. Since female athletes challenge traditional notions of femininity and their abilities are seen as stereotypically masculine, female athletes are always contending with homophobia so that they will not be labelled as lesbian. It, in turns, lessens females willingness to p articipate in sport. As for men, they tend to participating in sport in order to show their manhood and avoid categorized as gay. It is, therefore, understandable that sports is a site for the embodiment of masculinity because of its nature of male-oriented. Third, sports play an important role in masculinity because sport is constructed as male bonding ritual. Similar to fraternity and military, sport helps young boys making connections in their life (Fine 2000). As we all know, sport focuses a lot of competitiveness and aggression, or sometimes, even involves physical contact and collision in between athletes. These are the elements that enable the notion of masculinity and the hegemonic ideal to construct a boy into a real man. Burstyn (1999) believed that sport provided the kind of rituals of conquest and aggression that men with a weak sense of masculinity needed to symbolize, to make physical and palpable, the difference between a mans man and a mamas boy , which means sport is succeeded in socializing boys into manhood despite the absence of the family father (Burstyn 1999). Here we realize that sport is in fact served as an embodied ritual of confirming and strengthening mens gender identity. Even if some children may live in sin gle-parent families, they are still able to achieve manliness as sport can be a replacement of father for them to obtain masculinity. All men can group together to retain their manhood and to reassert their gender privilege via sport. Thus, we can conclude that sport is a bonding ritual for men to construct their masculinity. In addition, biased opportunity towards men is a way to gradually construct masculinity in sport. Traditionally we are told that girls are only suitable for activities which are related to the aesthetic side of sports such as ice cheerleading and skating. Females are not recommended to engage in high physical contact activities such as rugby, boxing and soccer. In the schooling stage, gender socialization and gender typing shaped teenagers how they should act based on their gender. Plausibly, self-fulfilling prophecy has occurred and these norms have shaped individuals behavior, which in turn shapes future expectations. This cycle has shaped our society into a male supremacy culture, and sport is an embodiment of this notion. The opportununties bias can be seen particularly in the professional ranks. Womens sport would never be at the top of the pirority when business companies looking to use sports to market their product (Person 2009). They concerned with earning money from the adv ertsing and they believed that the money return will not be as much if they invest in womens sport (Person 2009). The average salary can obviously indicate the inequality of opportunities within two sexes, men are able to earn 4 millions in average whereas women can only earn approximately 1.4% of men, around $55,000 in average. Without social and economical motivation, girls devote less time to the sport. As a result, sport become male domain and a site for constrcuting masculinity. Finally, media influence is a factor contributing to the masculine construction in sport. The Amateur Athletic Foundation of Los Angeles has done a research (Wilson 1999) claiming that over 90% of American teenagers consume sports media. Since sports are mostly dominated by men, from the athletes and coaches to the commentators and reporters, media is definitely influential enough to transmit ideas about masculinity and maleness. And when it comes to reporting sport news, the newsworthiness is the main point reporters are focusing on. Mens sport is generally believed to have more attention and enthusiasm from the public, compared with womens sport. Sometimes after a match has finished, reporters are able to immediately interview male athletes in the changing room, it is, however, impossible to do the same thing on women. It is, therefore, clear that there are lots of bias and limitations on sports media which ultimately contribute to the construction of masculinity in our society. In conclusion, sport was demonstrated as being a dominant social institution which naturalized mens power and privilege over women. It has marginalized and trivialized female athletes, which sequentially help reproducing the ideological of masculinity in sport.

gatdream F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby - The American Dream :: Great Gatsby Essays

The American Dream   The American Dream was the philosophy that brought people to America and to start a new life in a strange, foreign land. Due to this dream, it was believed that America was the land of opportunity, wealth, and prosperity. The dream consists of three components: all men are equal, man can trust and should help his fellow man, and the good, virtuous and hard working are rewarded. F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel The Great Gatsby is a condemnation of American Society and focuses on its downfall. This holds true for three of the main characters in the novel, Jay Gatsby, Tom Buchanan, and Daisy Buchanan.   To reach his ideal dream of spending his life with Daisy, Jay Gatsby attains his millions in a corrupt way which help him to replace emotions, and tries to cover it up with lies throughout the novel. In order to become rich, Gatsby engaged in illegal occupations such as bootlegging and being involved in the Mafia. â€Å"He and this Wolfsheim bought and sold grain alcohol over the counter.† (Fitzgerald 134). This is the opposite idea of the American Dream, which states that only the good, virtuous and hard working are rewarded. Gatsby also lies his way through life to conceal his wrongdoing. Gatsby claims that he belongs to a rich family whom provides his way to Oxford and from whom he inherits his riches. â€Å"’I am the son of some wealthy people in the Middle West-all dead now.’† (Fitzgerald 65). Only later on in the novel, does Nick uncover the truth that â€Å"his parents were shiftless and unsuccessful farm people...† (Fitzgerald 99). Gatsb y also relies on money to bring him the comfort of family. Gatsby’s musicians sing, â€Å"The rich get richer and the poor get-children.† (Fitzgerald 96). He attempts to reclaim the loss of family that he experiences through his wealth. Nick describes a story about how Gatsby, â€Å"agreed to pay five years’ taxes on all the neighboring cottages if the owners would have their roofs thatched with straw. Perhaps their refusal took the heart out of his plan to Found a Family...† (Fitzgerald 89). Gatsby takes advantage of wealth to solve his problems.   Members of the upper class such as Tom Buchanan, sacrifice morals and righteousness in order to gain wealth. Tom Buchanan is a man from a wealthy family, yet to Nick; he seems to have lost virtue and kindness. gatdream F. Scott Fitzgerald’s The Great Gatsby - The American Dream :: Great Gatsby Essays The American Dream   The American Dream was the philosophy that brought people to America and to start a new life in a strange, foreign land. Due to this dream, it was believed that America was the land of opportunity, wealth, and prosperity. The dream consists of three components: all men are equal, man can trust and should help his fellow man, and the good, virtuous and hard working are rewarded. F. Scott Fitzgerald’s novel The Great Gatsby is a condemnation of American Society and focuses on its downfall. This holds true for three of the main characters in the novel, Jay Gatsby, Tom Buchanan, and Daisy Buchanan.   To reach his ideal dream of spending his life with Daisy, Jay Gatsby attains his millions in a corrupt way which help him to replace emotions, and tries to cover it up with lies throughout the novel. In order to become rich, Gatsby engaged in illegal occupations such as bootlegging and being involved in the Mafia. â€Å"He and this Wolfsheim bought and sold grain alcohol over the counter.† (Fitzgerald 134). This is the opposite idea of the American Dream, which states that only the good, virtuous and hard working are rewarded. Gatsby also lies his way through life to conceal his wrongdoing. Gatsby claims that he belongs to a rich family whom provides his way to Oxford and from whom he inherits his riches. â€Å"’I am the son of some wealthy people in the Middle West-all dead now.’† (Fitzgerald 65). Only later on in the novel, does Nick uncover the truth that â€Å"his parents were shiftless and unsuccessful farm people...† (Fitzgerald 99). Gatsb y also relies on money to bring him the comfort of family. Gatsby’s musicians sing, â€Å"The rich get richer and the poor get-children.† (Fitzgerald 96). He attempts to reclaim the loss of family that he experiences through his wealth. Nick describes a story about how Gatsby, â€Å"agreed to pay five years’ taxes on all the neighboring cottages if the owners would have their roofs thatched with straw. Perhaps their refusal took the heart out of his plan to Found a Family...† (Fitzgerald 89). Gatsby takes advantage of wealth to solve his problems.   Members of the upper class such as Tom Buchanan, sacrifice morals and righteousness in order to gain wealth. Tom Buchanan is a man from a wealthy family, yet to Nick; he seems to have lost virtue and kindness.